The study aimed to analyze and measure the impact of the circular economy on carbon dioxide emissions in the European Union countries during the period 2000–2024. The results showed that the recycling rate contributes to reducing emissions in the short term by decreasing reliance on primary resources. However, this effect reverses in the long term, as the recycling sector itself is linked to high energy consumption and an increase in the volume of waste generated. The results also indicated that the consumption of raw materials is one of the most significant contributors to emissions, both in the short and long term, it is considered a reflection of the industrial nature of the European economy. Strict environmental policies also play a role in reducing emissions over time.