Ensuring food security has become one of Algeria's foremost strategic priorities amid increasing climate uncertainty, demographic growth, and persistent volatility in global agricultural markets. In response, the National Grain Plan 2026 has been introduced as a comprehensive policy framework aimed at enhancing domestic cereal production, reducing dependence on imports, and improving the resilience of the national food system. This study critically examines the strategic objectives, quantitative production targets, and logistical dimensions of the National Grain Plan 2026. It evaluates the effectiveness of proposed interventions, including the expansion of cultivated land, the adoption of climate-resilient crop varieties, the modernization of irrigation systems, precision agriculture technologies, and the digitalization of agricultural supply chains. Particular attention is devoted to the structural challenges affecting grain storage capacity, inland transportation networks, port logistics, and post-harvest management, all of which significantly influence the efficiency and sustainability of cereal production. The research further explores the institutional, financial, and governance mechanisms required to ensure the successful implementation of the plan. It highlights the importance of sustainable agricultural financing, targeted support for farmers, regulatory reforms, and stronger public-private partnerships capable of mobilizing investments in agricultural infrastructure and logistics. The findings suggest that achieving the objectives of Algeria's National Grain Plan 2026 requires more than increasing agricultural output. Sustainable success depends on the development of an integrated food security system that combines technological innovation, efficient logistics, institutional coordination, climate adaptation, and long-term policy continuity. Strengthening these interconnected dimensions is essential for reducing import dependency, improving national food sovereignty, and promoting inclusive and sustainable economic development.