Linguistic Issues in the Noble Prophetic Hadith through Ibn Malik's Shawahid al-Tawdih wa al-Tashih li-Mushkilat al-Jami' al-Sahih: A Descriptive and Analytical Study
Abstract
This study examines the linguistic issues discussed in Ibn Malik's Shawahid al-Tawdih wa al-Tashih li-Mushkilat al-Jami' al-Sahih through a descriptive and analytical approach, highlighting the role of the Noble Prophetic Hadith as a linguistic authority in Arabic grammatical scholarship. The research explores Ibn Malik's methodology in employing authentic Prophetic traditions to explain phonological, morphological, syntactic, and semantic phenomena, thereby demonstrating his contribution to expanding the evidential foundations of Arabic grammar beyond the Qur'an and classical Arabic poetry. The study also revisits the historical debate among early grammarians concerning the legitimacy of citing Hadith as linguistic evidence, emphasizing Ibn Malik's position as one of the foremost scholars who defended its linguistic authenticity and analytical value. Through selected examples from his work, the research illustrates how Ibn Malik addressed grammatical ambiguities, corrected linguistic misconceptions, and reinforced existing grammatical principles by relying on authenticated Hadith texts alongside the speech of the Arabs and the sayings of the Companions. The findings indicate that Ibn Malik's work represents a significant milestone in Arabic linguistic thought, offering a systematic framework for integrating Prophetic Hadith into grammatical analysis. Consequently, Shawahid al-Tawdih wa al-Tashih remains an indispensable reference for researchers interested in Arabic linguistics, Hadith studies, and the historical development of Arabic grammatical theory.
Keywords: Prophetic Hadith; Ibn Malik; Arabic linguistics; grammatical evidence; linguistic analysis; Arabic grammar.
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